§483.10(e) Respect and Dignity. The resident has a right to be treated with respect and dignity, including:
§483.10(e)(1) The right to be free from any . . . chemical restraints imposed for purposes of discipline or convenience, and not required to treat the resident's medical symptoms, consistent with §483.12(a)(2).
§483.12 The resident has the right to be free from abuse, neglect, misappropriation of resident property, and exploitation as defined in this subpart. This includes but is not limited to freedom from corporal punishment, involuntary seclusion and any physical or chemical restraint not required to treat the resident's medical symptoms. §483.12(a) The facility must-. . . §483.12(a)(2) Ensure that the resident is free from . . . chemical restraints imposed for purposes of discipline or convenience and that are not required to treat the resident's medical symptoms. . . . . §483.45(c)(3) A psychotropic drug is any drug that affects brain activities associated with mental processes and behavior. These drugs include, but are not limited to, drugs in the following categories: (i) Anti-psychotic; (ii) Anti-depressant; (iii) Anti-anxiety; and (iv) Hypnotic.
§483.45(d) Unnecessary drugs-General. Each resident's drug regimen must be free from unnecessary drugs. An unnecessary drug is any drug when used- (1) In excessive dose (including duplicate drug therapy); or (2) For excessive duration; or (3) Without adequate monitoring; or (4) Without adequate indications for its use; or (5) In the presence of adverse consequences which indicate the dose should be reduced or discontinued; or (6) Any combinations of the reasons stated in paragraphs (d)(1) through (5) of this section.
§483.45(e) Psychotropic Drugs. Based on a comprehensive assessment of a resident, the facility must ensure that--
§483.45(e)(1) Residents who have not used psychotropic drugs are not given these drugs unless the medication is necessary to treat a specific condition as diagnosed and documented in the clinical record;
§483.45(e)(2) Residents who use psychotropic drugs receive gradual dose reductions, and behavioral interventions, unless clinically contraindicated, in an effort to discontinue these drugs;
§483.45(e)(3) Residents do not receive psychotropic drugs pursuant to a PRN order unless that medication is necessary to treat a diagnosed specific condition that is documented in the clinical record; and
§483.45(e)(4) PRN orders for psychotropic drugs are limited to 14 days. Except as provided in §483.45(e)(5), if the attending physician or prescribing practitioner believes that it is appropriate for the PRN order to be extended beyond 14 days, he or she should document their rationale in the resident's medical record and indicate the duration for the PRN order. §483.45(e)(5) PRN orders for anti-psychotic drugs are limited to 14 days and cannot be renewed unless the attending physician or prescribing practitioner evaluates the resident for the appropriateness of that medication.
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Observations:
Based on a review of the facility's policy, clinical records review, and staff interview, it was determined that the facility failed to monitor the resident's behaviors, medication side effects, and document indications for a resident receiving a psychotropic medication for one of the five residents reviewed (Resident 13).
Findings:
A review of the facility's policy titled "Psychotropic Medication Use", undated, revealed that psychotropic medication management is an interdisciplinary process that involves determining adequate indication for use, and adequate monitoring for efficacy and adverse consequences. The same policy revealed that residents receiving psychotropic medications are monitored, and the response to treatment is documented. In addition, residents are monitored for adverse consequences associated with psychotropic medications, including anticholinergic effects, cardiovascular effects, metabolic effects, neurologic effects, and psychosocial effects.
A review of Resident 13's diagnosis list includes bipolar disorder (A Disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs) and anxiety disorder (A mental health disorder characterized by feelings of worry, anxiety, or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities).
A review of Resident 13's physician's order dated November 5, 2025, revealed an order for Olanzapine (An anti-psychotic medication) oral tablet 20 mg one tablet at bedtime for Bipolar.
A review of Resident 13's physician's order revealed an order for Lorazepam 1 mg, one tablet every 12 hours as needed for anxiety. The order was renewed every 14 days.
A review of Resident 13's May 2026 Medication Administration records revealed that from May 1 until May 31, 2026, the resident was administered as-needed Lorazepam 41 times without an appropriate indication. In addition, residents' behaviors and psychotropic side effects monitoring were not documented.
An interview conducted with the Director of Nursing (DON) on June 5, 2026, at 9:28 a.m., confirmed that Resident 13 was administered as-needed Lorazepam without appropriate indications. The DON further confirmed that behavior and side effects monitoring for the use of anti-psychotic medication was not done.
The facility failed to ensure Resident 13 had an appropriate indication before administering an as-needed anti-anxiety medication, and their behaviors and medication side effects were monitored.
28 Pa. Code 211.12(d)(1)(3)(5) Nursing service
28 Pa Code 211.5(f) Clinical Records
28 PA Code 211.10(a) Resident care policies
| | Plan of Correction - To be completed: 07/22/2026
1 Resident 13's PRN Lorazepam order was reviewed by the attending physician for continued appropriateness and documented indication, and behavior monitoring was initiated. Residents 13 olanzapine was reviewed by attending physician and behavior/side effect monitoring was initiated. 2 — The DON or designee will audit current residents on PRN anti-anxiety. Current residents with anti-psychotic medications were reviewed to confirm a documented indication at administration and active behavior/side-effect monitoring; identified gaps will be corrected. 3 — Licensed nursing staff will be re-educated on the Psychotropic medication use policy with emphasis on documenting indication at each PRN psychotropic administration and completing behavior monitoring. And complete side-effect monitoring for anti-Psychotics. 4 — The DON or designee will audit random residents with psychotropic medication orders weekly x4, then monthly x2. Results reported to QAPI.
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