§483.80 Infection Control The facility must establish and maintain an infection prevention and control program designed to provide a safe, sanitary and comfortable environment and to help prevent the development and transmission of communicable diseases and infections.
§483.80(a) Infection prevention and control program. The facility must establish an infection prevention and control program (IPCP) that must include, at a minimum, the following elements:
§483.80(a)(1) A system for preventing, identifying, reporting, investigating, and controlling infections and communicable diseases for all residents, staff, volunteers, visitors, and other individuals providing services under a contractual arrangement based upon the facility assessment conducted according to §483.71 and following accepted national standards;
§483.80(a)(2) Written standards, policies, and procedures for the program, which must include, but are not limited to: (i) A system of surveillance designed to identify possible communicable diseases or infections before they can spread to other persons in the facility; (ii) When and to whom possible incidents of communicable disease or infections should be reported; (iii) Standard and transmission-based precautions to be followed to prevent spread of infections; (iv)When and how isolation should be used for a resident; including but not limited to: (A) The type and duration of the isolation, depending upon the infectious agent or organism involved, and (B) A requirement that the isolation should be the least restrictive possible for the resident under the circumstances. (v) The circumstances under which the facility must prohibit employees with a communicable disease or infected skin lesions from direct contact with residents or their food, if direct contact will transmit the disease; and (vi)The hand hygiene procedures to be followed by staff involved in direct resident contact.
§483.80(a)(4) A system for recording incidents identified under the facility's IPCP and the corrective actions taken by the facility.
§483.80(e) Linens. Personnel must handle, store, process, and transport linens so as to prevent the spread of infection.
§483.80(f) Annual review. The facility will conduct an annual review of its IPCP and update their program, as necessary.
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Observations:
Based on review of facility policies and clinical records, observations, staff interviews, and resident interview, it was determined that the facility failed to maintain proper infection prevention and control isolation by failing to remove isolation precautions for non-transmittable diseases which were confirmed by laboratory testing for three of five residents reviewed on droplet precautions (a type of transmission based precautions used to prevent the spread of respiratory infections) (Residents R56, R77, and R33).
Findings include:
Review of the facility policy entitled "Policy on Isolation and Infection Precautions" dated 4/1/25, revealed "when it is determined that a resident needs isolation or special infection precautions to prevent the spread of infection, the appropriate isolation and/or precautions are utilized."
Review of the facility policy entitled "Infection Prevention & Control Program" dated 4/1/25, revealed "prevention of spread of infections is accomplished by the use of Standard and Transmission based precautions and other barriers, appropriate treatment and follow-up ...Transmission based precautions chosen based on circumstances and are least restrictive as possible."
Review of Resident R56's clinical record revealed an admission date of 2/26/25, with diagnoses that included neuralgic amyotrophy (nerve damage and muscle wasting that causes severe pain), anxiety, depression, and other seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Review of Resident R56's clinical record revealed progress notes dated 4/21/25, indicating he/she was placed on droplet precautions and that rapid COVID testing was negative. Progress notes on 5/1/25, revealed he/she was tested for flu and COVID in the emergency room, which were both negative. Clinical record vitals indicated that Resident R56 remained afebrile (free of fever).
Resident R56's Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMs-15-point cognitive screening measure that evaluates memory and orientation and includes free and cued recall items) was 15 (cognitively intact).
Interview conducted with Registered Nurse Employee E2 on 5/5/25, at approximately 2:00 p.m. revealed Resident R56 was on droplet precautions and he/she was unaware of any positive testing that would require droplet isolation.
Interview conducted with Resident R56 on 5/6/25, at approximately 9:30 a.m. revealed he/she is very dissatisfied with the isolation precautions because all testing has been negative. He/she prefers to be out and about to socialize, but is uncomfortable wearing a mask, therefore he/she stays in his/her room.
Review of Resident R77's clinical record revealed an admission date of 6/2/23, with diagnoses that included dementia (thinking and social symptoms that interfere with daily living), weakness, pulmonary embolism (blood clot in lung), and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
Review of Resident R77's clinical record revealed progress notes dated 4/29/25, indicating he/she was placed on droplet precautions and that rapid COVID testing was negative. Clinical record vitals indicated that Resident R77 remained afebrile.
Review of Resident R33's clinical record revealed an admission date of 2/25/23, with diagnoses that included dementia, anxiety, dysphagia, and hypertension (high blood pressure).
Review of Resident R33's clinical record revealed progress notes dated 4/29/25, indicating he/she was placed on droplet precautions and that rapid COVID testing was negative. Clinical record vitals indicated that Resident R33 remained afebrile.
Interview conducted with Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) Employee E1 on 5/6/25, at 9:06 a.m. revealed Residents R56, R77, and R33 are generally not in their rooms. He/she indicated Resident R56 is alert and oriented and enjoys socializing, which is beneficial due to Resident R56 becoming more depressed related to some new diagnoses. LPN Employee E1 indicated Residents R77 and R33 are always brought out of their rooms and into the living room for stimulation and socialization and have not been able to do so related to the isolation.
During an interview on 5/6/25, at approximately 10:45 a.m. the Infection Control Infection Preventionist confirmed that Residents R56, R77, and R33's testing for transmittable diseases were negative and that isolation should have been discontinued at that time.
28 Pa. Code 201.14(a) Responsibility of licensee
28 Pa. Code 201.18(b)(1) Management
28 Pa. Code 201.18(e)(1) Management
28 Pa. Code 211.12(d)(1)(5) Nursing services
| | Plan of Correction - To be completed: 06/07/2025
Isolation precautions were immediately discontinued on 5/6/2025 for Residents R56, R77, and R33 by the Infection preventionist upon confirmation of negative test results and the absence of symptoms consistent with a communicable disease. Residents were re-assessed by nursing and the Infection Preventionist to ensure safe reintegration into communal activities. This alleged deficient practice has the potential to impact all residents. An audit of all residents currently on transmission-based precautions was conducted on 5/6/2025 and 5/7/2025 to ensure appropriateness of isolation status in accordance with current clinical presentation and testing. Infection Preventionist was educated by the cooperate QA nurse on 5/8/2025. Floor staff will be educated by Staff Educator on or before 6/7/2025 on the facility's existing "Policy on Isolation and Infection Precautions," with emphasis on timely reassessment and discontinuation of isolation based on negative diagnostic results and absence of symptoms, in alignment with CDC and CMS guidelines. The Infection Preventionist or designee will review all residents placed on transmission-based precautions three times per week for 90 days to ensure isolation status remains clinically appropriate. Findings will be reported to the QAPI Committee for ongoing monitoring and compliance oversight. All corrective actions will be completed by June 7, 2025
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